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ROBINSON, ELIZA ARDEN – Volume XIII (1901-1910)

d. in Victoria 19 March 1906

Confederation

Responsible Government

Sir John A. Macdonald

From the Red River Settlement to Manitoba (1812–70)

Sir Wilfrid Laurier

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CHABRAND DELISLE, DAVID, Church of England clergyman; b. 31 Dec. 1730 at Anduze (dept of Gard), France, son of David Chabrand, baker, and Marguerite Roussel; m. 1 Oct. 1768 Margaret Henry, and they had eight children, at least five of whom survived childhood; d. 28 June 1794 at Montreal, Lower Canada.

David Chabrand, known in France as Chabrand, dit Veyrac, dit La Chapelle, was in 1745 among the postulants of the synod of Basses-Cévennes, which four years later accepted him as a divinity student. From 1750 to 1753 at least, he studied at the clandestine French Protestant seminary at Lausanne, Switzerland, but in the latter year the synod of Basses-Cévennes refused to extend his period of studies. Renouncing a career as a pastor in France, he eventually went to England, where he was ordained priest of the Church of England on 23 Dec. 1764 and appointed to a London parish. On 14 April 1766 he was appointed garrison chaplain of Montreal with an annual salary of £115. With this move the name Delisle, which he was already using in England, began to replace Chabrand as his family name.

Delisle’s appointment reflected the decision of the British government and the Church of England, encouraged by Governor Murray of Quebec and the Protestant merchants there, to appoint bilingual ministers to Canada, not only to serve the British and the few French Protestants but also to proselytize the Canadians. It was a rare point of unanimous agreement between Murray and the colony’s predominantly mercantile Protestant population. Murray felt that British rule could be secured only by winning over the Canadians and he sought to reassure them by protecting their laws and institutions and by cooperating with the Roman Catholic Church, all the while hoping that time and subtle measures would bring about a conversion of the heart to England from France and to Protestantism from Roman Catholicism. The quiet conversion of the Canadians by a respectable French-language Protestant clergy was such a measure. The Protestant merchants, disadvantaged in competition with the merchants of the Thirteen Colonies by the language and institutions of Quebec, sought to have the colony immediately anglicized in all ways, a policy Murray feared would provoke a revolt. For the merchants the proselytism of the Roman Catholics by a clergy capable of speaking both languages would facilitate the overall programme.

Soon after his arrival in Canada in late summer 1766, Delisle made the acquaintance of the Huguenot attorney general, Francis Maseres*, who found him “a very good man.” Delisle also ministered unofficially to the “Protestant Congregation of Montreal,” which had been served since the conquest by the chaplains John Ogilvie and Samuel Bennett. In 1764 the city counted 56 Protestant families of which a few were French, many English and Church of England, but most Scots Presbyterians, who had no minister of their own. Unable to use the run-down Jesuit chapel, granted to it by Lieutenant Governor Guy Carleton* some time before September 1767, the congregation was obliged to share places of worship with the Roman Catholics, and on the latter’s terms. Delisle objected that this arrangement made the Catholic clergy arrogant towards the Protestants, but his efforts to obtain from government an exclusively Protestant church were in vain. He complained as well that the Canadians were “the most ignorant and bigotted People in the world, and the most devoted to the Priests, especially to the Jesuits.”

Delisle’s services to the Protestant congregation were normalized in 1768 when he was appointed its minister with an additional salary of £200. He became a freemason and chaplain of St Peter’s Lodge, No. 4, Quebec at Montreal; he was also appointed chaplain to the Montreal prison. Although his requests to become a missionary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel were denied, he performed the functions of one, visiting the Chambly garrison and Protestants dispersed outside Montreal. By 1771 his proselytism had produced only two Canadian converts. On the other hand, he and the congregation did succeed in bringing a Protestant schoolmaster to Montreal in 1773. The American revolution substantially increased Delisle’s activities; not only did the number of Protestant soldiers greatly expand, but the German troops preferred French services. As well, his civilian congregation was swelled by the arrival of the loyalists.

Delisle and his two French-language colleagues, Leger-Jean-Baptiste-Noël Veyssière at Trois-Rivières and David-François De Montmollin* at Quebec, seem to have got on well with the bilingual British merchants who had been partially responsible for their appointment. Delisle, for example, had close relations with the Frobisher family, particularly Joseph*. The loyalists, however, were unilingual and not inclined to accustom themselves to the peculiar English idiom of the French ministers. In 1788 their complaints, including those by Christian Daniel Claus, but particularly by the Reverend John Doty, pointed to the few French Protestant families (about 20) in comparison with the English (5,000) and to the sparseness of attendance, of the giving of the sacraments, and of catechizing. The complaints reached the ears of the newly appointed bishop of Nova Scotia, Charles Inglis*, a loyalist himself, who determined to replace all three men with English-language ministers.

In the summer of 1789 Inglis conducted a pastoral visit of the province of Quebec. He found Delisle to be “a sensible, well-bred man,” and often dined at his house. He also found that he could scarcely understand his English, and that the congregation was eager to get an English-speaking assistant for him. Under pressure from Inglis, Delisle agreed to limit himself to preaching in French and to continuing his proselytism among the Canadians. Though by early August he had changed his mind, he could elicit from Inglis only the concessions that he would remain titular minister and be allowed to preach occasionally in English. The English assistant, James Marmaduke Tunstall, was to assume the bulk of the minister’s responsibilities.

Inglis had persuaded Governor Lord Dorchester [Guy Carleton] to have the Jesuits’ chapel repaired for the exclusive use of the Montreal congregation, and, in a gesture of goodwill, Delisle was invited by the congregation to preach the dedicatory sermon at the inaugural service in Christ Church on 20 Dec. 1789. He accepted, and from this point on continued, in spite of Inglis’ instructions, to take a principal share of the minister’s duties. Through Joseph Frobisher he even persuaded the congregation to ask Inglis in 1792 to remove the restriction on his preaching in English.

Delisle, hampered by illness at least since 1791, died on 28 June 1794. His total salary of over £300 per annum had enabled him to become a man of property; he owned three houses and a small farm in Montreal. Although he had obtained a land grant of 5,000 acres in 1766 when appointed chaplain, his persistent petitions to have it designated and transferred were ignored. In August 1795 a group of associates including the merchants Joseph Perinault*, Pierre Foretier*, and John Welles, of which Delisle had been leader, was granted 1,000 acres in Godmanchester Township, and in October 1816 Delisle’s heirs finally received his 5,000-acre grant in Hinchinbrook Township. As a French-language Protestant minister, Delisle appears to have fared better than Veyssière and De Montmollin, but he too found the fruits of his appointment bitter, since he tasted the aversion for him of the Canadians, the insulting indifference towards him of most of his own congregation, and, finally, near abandonment by the Church of England.

James H. Lambert

David Chabrand Delisle is the author of Sermon funèbre prononcé à loccasion de la mort de MrBenjamin Frobisher (Montréal, 1787; repr. York, Eng., 1796).

AD, Gard (Nîmes), Etat civil, Anduze, 31 déc. 1730. BL, Add. mss 1699, ff.41–42; 21661, p.2342 (PAC copies). Christ Church Cathedral (Montreal), Minute book register, July 1789 to May 1802, 7 July, 23 Aug., 20 Sept. 1789, 3 May, 19 June, 2 July 1791, 2, 9 April 1792; “Register of the Parish of Montreal commenced 20th June 1784 by Mr. Dd Chd Delisle Rector of the Parish and Chaplain of the Garrison [1784–95],” 30 June 1794; “The register of the Protestants of Montreal, made by one Dd Chd Delisle Rector of the Parish & Chaplain to the Garrison, the 31st Decr 1792 [1766–1793],” 17 Aug. 1769, 10 Oct. 1770, 15 March, 27 Sept. 1772, 16 May 1774, 7 Jan. 1776, 8 April 1777, 3 Jan. 1780, 6 March, 23 July 1786. Lambeth Palace Library (London), Fulham papers, 1, ff.163–65; 33, f.1; 38, ff.6v, 58. McGill University Libraries, Dept. of Rare Books and Special Coll., ms coll., CH132.S2, Joseph Frobisher to Thomas Dunn, 10 April 1788. Montreal Diocesan Archives, C-11, 28 Dec. 1793, Request from Delisle et al. to Jacob Mountain. PAC, MG 23, A1, 2, pp.1432–53; A4, 13, pp.33–34; 14, pp.26, 42; 16, p.106; GIII, 1, 2, p.182; RG 1, E15, A, 1780; L3L, 1, pp.11–26, 45–57; 3, p.1129; 4, p.1583; 5, pp.1629–30, 1634; 7, pp.2165, 2345–51; 10, pp.2737, 2747, 2913–40, 3229–50; 47, pp.24264–65; 72, pp.36037–45; 127, pp.62481–95; 173, pp.84176–261; RG 4, A1, pp.6214–15, 17820–21; RG 8, I (C series), 933, p.8. PRO, CO 42/25, f.197; 42/27, f.149; 42/28, ff.387v–88, 390; 42/49, ff.46, 47; 42/51, f.189; 42/72, ff.231–33. QDA, 84 (D–3), 27 Aug. 1789, 27 Oct. 1792. Trinity Cathedral Archives (Quebec), Register of marriages, 1768–95, p.1. USPG, C/CAN/Que., I, 14 April 1766, 30 Sept. 1767, 14 July 1771, 15 Dec. 1773, 9, 20 Oct. 1782, 13 Oct. 1788; Journal of SPG, 16, pp.264–65; 17, pp.465–67; 21, pp.497–98 (copies at PAC). Coll. of several commissions (Maseres). Doc. relatifs à lhist. constitutionnelle, 1759–91 (Shortt et Doughty; 1921), I, 56, 72, 516. Fabre, dit Laterrière, Mémoires (A. Garneau), 44–46. Charles Inglis, A charge delivered to the clergy of the province of Quebec, at the primary visitation holden in the city of Quebec, in the month of August 1789 (Halifax, 1790). Montreal Gazette, 1 Feb. 1787, 9 July, 12 Nov. 1789. Quebec Gazette, 29 Sept. 1766, 28 April 1768, 3 May 1787, 16 July, 13 Aug. 1789. Kelley, “Church and state papers,” ANQ Rapport, 1948–49, 305–8, 312–17; 1953–55, 94–96, 102–5, 113, 119. F. D. Adams, A history of Christ Church Cathedral, Montreal (Montreal, 1941), 11–49. Campbell, History of Scotch Presbyterian Church, 201–2. J. I. Cooper, The blessed communion; the origins and history of the diocese of Montreal, 1760–1960 ([Montréal], 1960), 7–19. R.-P. Duclos, Histoire du protestantisme français au Canada et aux États-Unis (2v., Montréal, [1913]), I, 35–36. J. S. Moir, The church in the British era, from the conquest to confederation (Toronto, 1972), 43, 45, 59, 66. H. C. Stuart, The Church of England in Canada, 1759–1793; from the conquest to the establishment of the see of Quebec (Montreal, 1893), 24–25, 31, 78–86, 88, 107. F.-J. Audet, “David Lynd, 1745–1802,” BRH, XLVII (1941), 89. Philéas Gagnon, “Le ministre Delisle,” BRH, XVIII (1912), 63–64. Leland, “François-Joseph Cugnet,” Revue de luniversité Laval, XVII, 834–35. É.-Z. Massicotte, “La famille du pasteur Delisle,” BRH, XLVI (1940), 105–7; “Les mariages mixtes, à Montréal, dans les temples protestants, au 18e siècle,” BRH, XXI (1915), 84–86; “Le ministre Delisle,” BRH, XVIII (1912), 123–25. T. R. Millman, “David Chabrand Delisle, 1730–1794,” Montreal Churchman (Granby, Que.), XXIX (1941), no.2, 14–16; no.3, 14–16. J.-E. Roy, “Les premiers pasteurs protestants au Canada,” BRH, III (1897), 2. A. H. Young, “Lord Dorchester and the Church of England,” CHA Report, 1926, 60–65.

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James H. Lambert, “CHABRAND DELISLE, DAVID,” in Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 4, University of Toronto/Université Laval, 2003–, accessed March 19, 2024, http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/chabrand_delisle_david_4E.html.

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Permalink:   http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/chabrand_delisle_david_4E.html
Author of Article:   James H. Lambert
Title of Article:   CHABRAND DELISLE, DAVID
Publication Name:   Dictionary of Canadian Biography, vol. 4
Publisher:   University of Toronto/Université Laval
Year of publication:   1979
Year of revision:   1979
Access Date:   March 19, 2024