herbal remedies. After gaining her freedom she settled in Woodstock, Canada West, about 1861. She purchased two frame houses just outside the town and lived in one with her husband, a son, and a daughter

daily journal of his activities which has been published by the Public Archives of Canada along with his sketches of the area and its people. On 5 June 1848, with the returns of the season, he

particularly happy to be living in Canada, “a Place destitute of every thing that can make life pass away tolerably agreeable; A Place fitt only to send Exiles to, as a punishment for their past ill spent lives

West India Electric Company, the Royal Bank of Canada, the Eastern Trust Company, and the Demerara Electric Company. MacKeen’s final political appointment was as lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia

genealogical study (2v., Sackville, N.B., 1962). The city of Halifax, the capital of Nova Scotia, Canada: its advantages and facilities (Halifax, 1909). Halifax and

worked in a local law office before coming to Canada in 1861. Between 1864 and 1868 he was employed as a clerk by the Hudson’s Bay Company in the Montreal Department; he then worked in banking in both

caused economic depression in Nova Scotia, and induced Angus to accept the offer of a visitor to St Ann’s to go on a tour as a curiosity. In July 1849 he toured Lower Canada and in 1850 the

before proceeding to the Collège de Saint-Hyacinthe in Lower Canada, where he took one year of Philosophy; he then entered the Grand Séminaire de Québec to pursue his theological studies. When he was

Charity of Bytown; b. 9 Feb. 1833 or 1835 in St Andrews, Upper Canada, daughter of Angus McDonell and Margaret McDonald; d. 4 Nov. 1917 in St Boniface, Man

personal capital to construct Canada’s first primary steel mill. The company was capitalized at $150,000; McGregor and his fellow New Glasgow merchants put up $55,000, Fraser and his partners $40,000, and

, ALEXANDER, soldier and businessman; b. 10 March 1841 in Lobo Township, Upper Canada, son of Joseph McIntyre, a farmer; m. 1872 Margaret Malissa Falconer, and they had two sons

discovery and settlement of Canada, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland (London, 1869). A. A. Johnston, Hist. of Catholic Church in eastern N.S. J. G. MacKinnon, Old Sydney; sketches of

dominion of Canada, ed. H. J. Morgan (Toronto, 1878), 238–39. Directory of N.S. MLAs (Fergusson), 223–24. D. G. Whidden, The history of the town of Antigonish

daughters with him when he retired to Lower Canada in 1801, but entrusted them to the guardianship of fellow Nor’Wester John Stuart

: f.22. Richard Brown, A history of the island of Cape Breton, with some account of the discovery and settlement of Canada, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland (London, 1869), 428. J. G

Township, Upper Canada, one of the six children of James McLean and Clementine McMurchy, farmers; m. 15 Dec. 1904 Margaret E. Duncan in Hamilton, Ont., and they had a son; d. 13 Oct

” (phd thesis, Univ. of N.B., Fredericton, 1979), 762, 765, 767, 770. G. L. Parker, The beginnings of the book trade in Canada (Toronto, 1985), 119–20. “The wind . . . the

. Natalie Luckyj Paintings by Helen Galloway McNicoll are found in the National Gallery of Canada (Ottawa) as well as in the

Catholic Church in Upper Canada (Toronto, 1939). G. J. Stortz, “The Catholic priest in rural Ontario, 1850–1900,” Religion and rural Ontario’s past: proceedings of the fifth annual

edge of the Huron Tract in Upper Canada. Then in 1860 the family moved northwest to Thunder Bay, settling at the site of Prince Arthur’s Landing (later Port Arthur) on McVicar Creek. During the years of

). Reminiscences of a bungle, by one of the bunglers, and two other Northwest rebellion diaries, ed. R. C. Macleod (Edmonton, 1983), 186. Stanley, Birth of western Canada.

Scotland Stephen Nairn operated a mill near Glasgow in partnership with his brother James. In 1863 he immigrated to Upper Canada and became associated with his eldest brother, Alexander, in a grain and

and balmoral petticoat over beaded leggings and moccasins. In 1877 Natawista accepted treaty status in Canada as a Blood Indian under the name of

several proposals of his own for the union of New York and New England, and for the capture of Canada. He also proposed that the St George River, and not the Kennebec, be recognized as the boundary

, 1876–91. J. H. [Gatty] Ewing, Canada home: Juliana Horatia Ewing’s Fredericton letters, 1867–1869, ed. Margaret Howard Blom and T. E. Blom (Vancouver, 1983). Rufus

murder was drawn up in Lower Canada in March 1818. To put Ogden out of reach of the HBC he was transferred to the Columbia department in 1818, and there he served variously at Fort George (Astoria, Oreg

in Canada reveals him to have been an honest but unimaginative soldier. Wentworth believed him to be dilatory and unenterprising; Harry Piers considers him to have been “a cautious man and not popular

La Présentation. In April 1758 he led a raid on German Flats, a part of the Mohawk valley near the mouth of West Canada Creek. At about that time Sir William

, where he was detained for some time. In the years following his tour of duty in Canada d’Olabaratz held various posts on the king’s ships. In particular

, L3, pp.5027–28; RG 4, B28, 47. P.[-J.] Aubert de Gaspé, Mémoires (Ottawa, 1866), 17–25. Bas-Canada, chambre d’Assemblée, Journaux, 1795. Max von Eelking, Memoirs

An engraving of Onistah-sokaksin, after a photograph, appears in John Maclean, Canadian savage folk: the native tribes of Canada (Toronto, 1896); three photographs of him accompany H

of Canada with the Indians. H. A. Dempsey, Red Crow, warrior chief (Saskatoon, 1980).

Stoney Indians of Alberta” (ma thesis, Univ. of Calgary, 1974; copy at the Nakoda Institute). Morris, Treaties of Canada with the Indians. J. W. Niddrie

Newcastle District, Upper Canada, son of Denis O’Connor, a farmer, and Mary O’Leary; d. 30 June 1911 in Toronto. Denis O’Connor, the eldest of

de tous les religieux morts depuis l’érection de la province. PAC, MG 11, Nova Scotia A, 17, p.159. PANS, RG 1, 26. Coll. doc. inédits Canada et Amérique, I, 116–18. N.S

, son of Captain François Painchaud and Angélique Drouin; m. 19 Oct. 1815 Marguerite Arseneaux (Arsenault) in Carleton, Lower Canada, and they had ten children; d. 10 Feb. 1858 in

PAQUETTE, WILFRID, weaver, office holder, and trade union leader; b. 1860 or 1861 in Lower Canada; m. Marie

seen by the anti-confederate forces in New Brunswick as the economic basis for an alternative to confederation with Canada, and as such drew heavy fire from those favouring confederation. The Halifax

music in Canada (Kallmann et al.). Olivier Maurault, Saint-Jacques de Montréal: l’église, la paroisse (Montréal, 1923). Montreal Urban Community, Planning Dept. of the Territory

, Jean-Baptiste-Ignace*, who had been a merchant and king’s attorney in Canada. In 1774 Joseph Perthuis became king’s councillor and secretary in the chancellery in Poitiers and obtained a pension of

. Gosselin, L’Église du Canada, I, 85, 178. Omer Le Gresley, L’enseignement du français en Acadie (Mamers, 1926), 46–47. Robert Rumilly, Histoire des Acadiens

PHELPS, LILLIAN MARIETTA (Minnie), temperance reformer; b. 1 June 1859 in Merritton (St Catharines), Upper Canada

. Bonnault, “Le Canada militaire.” Massicotte, “Répertoire des engagements pour l’Ouest.” Tanguay, Dictionnaire (Vol. I lists Jean-Vincent Philippe under Hautmesny and under Flip). Alvord

Gordon* in April 1866 and on 1 July 1867 New Brunswick became one of the four provinces of Canada. Pickard re-entered provincial

–1815, [ed. D. B. Smith et al.] (3v., n.p., [1954?]), 3. R. H. Bonnycastle, Newfoundland in 1842; a sequel to “The Canadas in 1841” (2v., London, 1842), 1: 145–49

William Henry; now Lake George, N.Y.). In the autumn he was commissioned by Vaudreuil to go to spread terror on the north bank of the Mohawk, at German Flats (near the mouth of West Canada Creek). The

Scotian plants, gathered for a contest at the Halifax High School, as his first scientific work, and he retained an interest in botany throughout his life, joining both the Botanical Club of Canada

nécrologe de la crypte,” 178. Gagnon, “Noms propres au Canada français,” 154.

 April 1813 at Rivière-Ouelle, Lower Canada. Liveright Piuze spent part of his childhood in Warsaw and then lived in Dresden (German Democratic Republic

Sault Ste Marie, Ont. At the age of 13 William H. Plummer immigrated to Canada after his father had been appointed mine manager in Bruce