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Fenians

In March 1858 James Stephens founded a secret revolutionary organization in Dublin. Its purpose was to end British rule in Ireland and transform the country into an independent republic. In 1859 the leader of the movement’s American branch, John O’Mahony, gave the secret society the name by which it became generally known: the Fenian Brotherhood. As part of a strategy to hit the British empire where it was most vulnerable – Canada – American Fenians attempted a number of invasions of British North America between 1866 and 1871. Fenians and British Canadian militiamen fought battles in Ridgeway, Ont., and Frelighsburg, Que.

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Other Resources

Canada A Country by Consent: Road to Confederation: Fenian Raids 1866
Fenian - Wikipedia
Fenian Brotherhood - Wikipedia
Fenian Invasions - Canada History and Mysteries
Fenian Raids - Newspaper and Current Periodical Reading Room (Serial and Government Publications Division, Library of Congress)
Fenian Raids - The Canadian Encyclopedia. Content archived on 13 May 2018
Fenian Raids - Wikisource, the free online library
Fenian Raids: Invasions of British-ruled Canada | HistoryNet
Fenian raids - Wikipedia
Fenian raids | Canadian history | Britannica.com
Fenians - Fenian raids - History of Canada
Fenians - The Canadian Encyclopedia. Content archived on 8 Dec. 2024
For the Sake of Ireland: The Fenian Raids of Missisquoi County 1866 & 1870 | Townships Heritage WebMagazine. Content archived on 6 June 2023
Manitoba Pageant: The Fenian Raids, 1866-1870
The American Civil War and Fenian Raids: Ontario During the American Civil War Era - Page Banner
The Day the Irish Invaded Canada | Irish America. Content archived on 2 Dec. 2023 (original link)
The Fenian Invasion Of Canada, 1866 | The Irish Story
The Fenian Raid 1866 | The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada Regimental Museum and Archives
The Fenian Raids
The Fenian Raids — espritdecorps
The Fenians
The Fenians – Dictionary of Canadian Biography
The Fenians: An Overview | The Irish Story
The Irish Invasions of Canada: Yes, the Irish really did Invade Canada - They Won Some Battles Too
WarMuseum.ca - A Chronology of Canadian Military History - 1841-1871
Why Did the Fenians Attack Canada? – All About Canadian History

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We acknowledge the financial support of the Canadian Museum of History through the Online Works of Reference Program funded by the Government of Canada.
Nous reconnaissons l'aide financière du Musée canadien de l'histoire à travers les œuvres du programme de référence en ligne financés par le gouvernement du Canada.

We acknowledge the support of the Government of Canada.

Nous reconnaissons l’appui du gouvernement du Canada.

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